Robot software is the coded commands that tell a mechanical device (known as a robot) what tasks to perform and control its actions. Robot software is used to perform tasks and automate tasks to be performed. Programming robots is a non-trivial task. Many software systems and frameworks have been proposed to make programming robots easier.
Some robot software aims at developing intelligent mechanical devices. Though common in science fiction stories, such programs are yet to become common-place in reality and much development is yet required in the field of artificial intelligence before they even begin to approach the science fiction possibilities. Pre-programmed hardware may include feedback loops such that it can interact with its environment, but does not display actual intelligence.
Introduction
Robot Software consists of the instructions that control a robot's actions and provide information regarding required tasks. When a program is written using this software, the robot is able to execute commands and perform tasks. Programming robots can be a complex and challenging process, and while it has become easier over the years, the lack of cross-platform industry standards has affected the development of software tools for robots compared to other automated control systems such as programmable logic controllers (PLCs).
Dataflow programming techniques are used by most robot manufacturers, and is based on the concept that when the value of a variable changes, the values of other variables affected should also change. A programming language that incorporates dataflow principles is called adataflow language. In addition to numeric processing, dataflow languages also incorporate functional concepts. Unlike other programming languages which use imperative programming, dataflow programming is modeled as a sequence of functions.
With any programming software, the state of a program at any given time is an important consideration. The state provides an indication of the various conditions at a particular instant. In order to function properly, most programming languages require a significant amount of state information. This information is invisible to the programmer.
Another key concept – which is associated with any type of robot programming, is the concept of runtime. When a program is running, or executing, it is said to be in runtime. The term runtime is also used as a short form when referring to a runtime library, which is a library of code instructions used by a computer language to manage a program written in the language. The term is also used by software developers to specify when errors in a program can occur. A runtime error is an error that happens while the program is executing. For example, if a robot arm was programmed to turn left, and it turned right, then that would be a runtime error.
The software architecture of a system consists of the various software components used to design and operate the software. All programming methods rely on software architecture as a method of organizing a software system since it not only provides communication support but is also a critical component in hardware and software interfaces.
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